Japan’s automakers have begun hiking loan rates as a historic central bank pivot to unwind three decades of ultra-loose monetary policy trickles down to consumers, raising household credit costs.

World markets are mixed after U.S. stock indexes hit new records. Oil prices fell and U.S. futures were little changed.

Japan's election outcome may put the central bank in a double bind as prospects of big spending could keep inflation elevated while potentially prolonged political paralysis and a global trade war provide compelling reasons to go slow on rate hikes.

The Japanese government said it is responding to "crimes and nuisances committed by some foreigners and inappropriate use of various systems."