The algae gives a reef its colour, and when it’s gone, just the white skeletons of the coral remains, so a reef looks ‘bleached’. Corals rely on algae for nutrition, so once the algae has gone, this ...

While all scleractinian corals deposit calcium carbonate skeletons ... coral reef communities. Corals provide refuge to herbivorous fishes. Herbivorous fishes in turn graze on algae that can ...

Although the skeletons can no longer be used for ... Role of symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) in coral calcification. Biological Bulletin 141, 350-363 (1971). Porter, J. Quantification of loss ...

These corals—species with rigid skeletons, such as elkhorn and ... the role of "grazers"—fish who feed on algae—in keeping coral reefs clean and healthy. Protecting parrotfish, a family ...

corals can expel the symbiotic algae living within their limestone skeletons, causing them to turn a ghostly white, as if bleached. Severe or frequent bleaching events can kill coral reefs ...

However, parrotfish increases have not always reduced algae growth or increased ... species graze by biting off chunks of coral, especially from dead skeletons, and grinding it in their digestive ...

These corals – species with rigid skeletons, such as elkhorn and ... the role of “grazers” – fish who feed on algae – in keeping coral reefs clean and healthy. Protecting parrotfish ...