I: Pre-History Through Antiquity” (Bloomsbury Publishing), which she is co-editing; “66 Toilets and Urinals in the Ancient City of Rome: Sanitary, Urbanistic and Social Agency” (Brill), which she is ...

The ancient Romans lived in smelly cities ... Herculaneum and Ostia (cities much better preserved than Rome) had private one-seat toilets, yet they were rarely connected to the main sewer lines. They ...

In ancient Rome, toilet gods held an especially prominent role, with specific deities tasked with maintaining the city’s ...

Wold in 1913. The public toilets of ancient Rome were home to the tersorium, a wooden stick with a sponge attached. After using the tersorium, the sponge was cleaned by being dunked in a bucket ...