Microbial life has been discovered existing 13 feet beneath the surface of Earth ... to depths of 2.6 feet (80 centimeters).

This creates very slow-moving currents as hot rock rises from the depths and ... is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is the familiar landscape on which we live: rocks, soil, and seabed.

A study led by Prof. Chen Hongsong from the Institute of Subtropical Agriculture of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has ...

Many parts of Earth ... layer takes a long time to restore. This could have problematic long-term implications for several ecosystems and even human structures. Biocrust, also called cryptobiotic ...

Anything that dropped into the basin, it seemed, would fall till the end of time. Yet when scientists finally looked into the lake’s murky depths, they found not a void, but a mirror.

The Earth is made up of different layers: Therefore, instead of tectonic plates moving because of the convection currents, evidence suggests it is the plates that drive the convection. Slab pull ...

The average topsoil depth ... layer of fertile topsoil thins, it gets increasingly difficult to grow crops for food. Without altering agricultural practices and urgently finding ways to preserve ...

The Earth is ... deeper ocean layers was returning to the surface. The second explanation aligns with the development of El Niño conditions in 2023, when warm water from ocean depths rose to ...

By the time of the moon-forming impact, the Earth was already separated into these rock and metal layers. However, the intense force and heat of the impact re-melted the proto-Earth, re-mixing the ...