The Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a deciduous tree native to Europe and Asia, and it makes an excellent bonsai tree due to its attractive foliage and delicate appearance.

THE pigment of the copper beech was identified in 1932 1 as cyanidin 3-galactoside; two years later, the colouring matter of wild strawberries was stated to be pelargonidin 3-galactoside 2.

Johannes Wessely at the University of Vienna, Austria, and his colleagues examined 69 of the most common European ... such as the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), will struggle.