Since the hallmark kidney transplant in 1954, the standard placement of the transplanted kidney has been extraperitoneal, in the right iliac fossa.

What are the options for renal transplant vascular anastomosis in patient who underwent right nephrectomy and uretero-cystoplasty along with appendico-vesicostomy with stoma in the right iliac region?

Kidney transplant, using a kidney from either a deceased or living donor, is usually done by open surgery through an incision in the left or right lower abdomen providing a retroperitoneal approach to ...