In biological ecosystems, success depends on both biotic factors (the living organisms) and abiotic factors (the non-living environmental conditions). In a rainforest, the temperature, soil ...

Abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, salinity, and intense light significantly impact plant productivity in varying environments. Traditionally, the ...

Abiotic close abioticNon-living elements of an ecosystem, such as climate, temperature, water, and soil type. factors are non-living environmental factors that can affect the organisms in ecosystems.