Little remains of the ancient city of Sparta ... There were many reasons for launching a military campaign. For example, Sparta might face an existential threat, prompting its participation ...

An 1888 illustration shows a bust of the ancient Greek historian ... to the city’s manpower crisis, Sparta had promised them freedom in exchange for military service. And arming and training ...

The city-state’s helots, or serfs, took care of agriculture, while the higher-ranking but non-citizen perioikoi oversaw crafts, military procurement and commerce. Granted, Spartan citizens also ...

In ancient times, Greece wasn't a single country like it is today. It was made up of lots of smaller states. These states were always squabbling and often went to war. Sparta and Athens fought a ...

Cole, author of Legion Versus Phalanx and many other works, uses his experiences as a military analyst ... of what we “know” about Sparta is untrue. The Bronze Lie is an important read for those with ...