The increased levels indicate a relative peripheral erythropoietin resistance in COPD. This is similar to other diseases and fits into the pathophysiology of anemia in chronic disease. The ...

The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process ...

COPD affects about 10% of the population and is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. It’s mainly caused by long-term exposure to smoke, often from tobacco or burning wood.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a type of pulmonary hypertension that causes high blood pressure in the small arteries of the lungs. It is a serious condition that can impair blood flow, ...

High blood pressure and type 2 diabetes are among the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. While the effects of diabetes on kidney function have been well researched, it was previously ...

There are numerous potential causes for red spots to form on the skin, including sudden infections or underlying chronic conditions. On darker skin tones, the spots may appear as purplish or ...

Data from a small pilot study involving older COPD patients showed that most participants agreed that the Wellinks’ app was easy to use and valuable for managing their symptoms. Also, the majority ...

Thus, our results suggest that overweight during this early period of life is an indicator of risk for the development of COPD." Reflecting on the potential causes of the association, they add ...