The ultimate goal for LED-based white lighting is to replace all incandescent bulbs and compact fluorescent lamps to provide an energy-efficient and long-lasting option for everyday use.

Fluorescent tubes can hit 10,000cd/m2, and are probably the upper limit of safe continuous viewing, while the filament of a light bulb can be 10 million cd/m2. These figures come from a detailed ...

A light source created by a light emitting diode (LED). For decades ... they began to replace incandescent, halogen and CFL fluorescent bulbs. LEDs draw considerably less power and are up to ...

A light source consisting of a long glass tube containing mercury in a partial vacuum. Available in many lengths and several diameters, the tube is lined with a fluorescent phosphor. When the ...