Aortic dissection most commonly causes severe pain from the chest to upper back, and often occurs at midnight or early morning, so people with the “three highs” — high blood pressure, high blood ...

Marfan syndrome), aortic biomechanics and hemodynamics (eg, peak velocity, wall stress and stiffness), serum biomarkers (ie, transforming growth factor‐β), and outcomes (ie, surgical repair, ...