The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. This muscle, also called the thoracic diaphragm, is the main muscle used for breathing and is also involved in other ...

Its prevalence rate is typically 0.2% to 0.3%. Azygous continuation of the IVC is when the IVC is interrupted below the hepatic vein, and venous return beyond this point is restored by the azygos and ...

Imaging studies revealed duodenal perforation, common bile duct stones, and portal vein thrombosis. By reviewing the patient’s clinical presentation, diagnostic process, treatment measures, and ...

right subclavian vein, right atrium, azygos vein, and part of the lung tissues. The tumor was resected entirely under cardiopulmonary bypass support, and the venous bypass using a vascular graft was ...