Cardiac output can be calculated using the following equation: Stroke volume close stroke volumeThe volume of blood pumped from the heart with each beat. is the volume of blood pumped out of each ...

Both congenital and acquired structural changes in the heart can lead to hemodynamic alterations affecting the function of various organs, including the brain. Recent advancements in magnetic ...

The impulse is then passed to another node within the heart – the atrioventricular node (AVN). This node is in the lower part of the right atrium.