Enterprise Risk Management lecturer Penny Cagan shares the evolution of the field of operational risk and dispels some of its most common misconceptions.

The three lines of defence is a risk governance framework that splits responsibility for operational risk management across three functions. Individuals in the first line own and manage risk directly.

When incorporating insurance into a firm’s operational risk model, the risk mitigation calculation needs to appropriately reflect the insurance coverage afforded in a framework that is ... can emanate ...

Automated FX risk management can align with a company’s cash flow needs, reducing inefficiencies and improving long-term ...

Specific operational resilience measures ... to Bloomberg’s vendor management lifecycle framework, managed by the firm’s global vendor risk management team. DORA requires financial entities ...