Abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical elements in the environment, which affect individual organisms as well as ecosystems. Examples are UV, IR and visible light, radiation ...

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Urban forests are vital components of city ecosystems, offering a plethora of ecosystem services that significantly contribute to both natural and social ...

Parrots are supposed to decorate palm trees in the tropics not the cypress of temperate forests. Yet there are 19th-century accounts of North America’s only native parrot species from places as ...

The Department of Biological Sciences treats the life sciences in all their breadth and diversity, including the study of molecules, cells, whole organisms, ecosystems, plants, animals and ...

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The primary goal of this research topic is to deepen our understanding of the factors influencing migratory behavior, survival rates and reproductive consequences for diadromous fish. This goal ...

Biodiversity is the variation in living forms and can be measured in ways that include the number of species, functional variety of species, evenness of species distribution or genetic diversity ...