Beneath the surface of the Southern Ocean, vast volumes of cold, dense water plunge off the Antarctic continental shelf, cascading down underwater cliffs to the ocean floor thousands of meters below.

A massive hole appeared in Antarctica's sea ice in 2017. This happened near Maud Rise, an underwater mountain. Scientists identified it as a polynya. The Weddell Gyre, storms, and atmospheric ...

While the Statue of Liberty may not be submerged, low-lying places like Ellis Island could be underwater. By 2100, sea-level ...

A large ice-free area appeared above Maud Rise in the Southern Ocean and remained open for several weeks. Known as a polynya, ...

scientists have struggled to observe these underwater waterfalls of dense water around Antarctica. They occur in some of the most remote and stormy waters on the planet, often shrouded by sea ice ...

A hole the size of Switzerland opened in Antarctic ice over Maud Rise, driven by ocean heat, storms, and topography—raising ...

Imagine stepping onto the icy shores of ancient Antarctica—not to see today’s tuxedoed, knee-high Emperor penguins, but to ...